Ovarian Cancer: Early Detection and Treatment Options - Dr. Prem Kishore Jangid

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1/28/20253 min read

Introduction

Ovarian cancer, known as "अंडाशय का कैंसर" in Hindi, is one of the most dangerous forms of cancer affecting women. It often goes undetected until it reaches an advanced stage, which makes it one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. As a cancer surgeon, I feel it is crucial to raise awareness about this condition, its symptoms, and the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.

Ovarian Cancer Symptoms:

Ovarian cancer symptoms can be very subtle in the early stages. Many women do not recognize the signs until the disease has progressed. Some common symptoms include:

  1. Abdominal Bloating (पेट में सूजन): Women with ovarian cancer may experience unexplained bloating or fullness in the abdomen.

  2. Pelvic Pain (पेट के निचले हिस्से में दर्द): Persistent pelvic discomfort or pain is a common symptom.

  3. Changes in Urinary Patterns (मूत्राशय में बदलाव): Frequent urination or difficulty in urinating can indicate ovarian cancer.

  4. Loss of Appetite or Weight Loss (भूख में कमी या वजन घटना): Unexplained weight loss, along with a loss of appetite, can be a sign.

  5. Fatigue (थकावट): Extreme fatigue and a general feeling of being unwell can also point toward ovarian cancer.

These symptoms are often mistaken for less serious conditions, which is why many women ignore them until it is too late.

Risk Factors:

Several factors increase the risk of developing ovarian cancer. Some of these include:

  • Age (आयु): Women above 50, particularly those who have gone through menopause, are at higher risk.

  • Family History (परिवार में इतिहास): If ovarian cancer or other cancers like breast cancer run in the family, the risk is higher.

  • Hormonal Factors (हार्मोनल कारण): Hormonal replacement therapy or use of fertility drugs can increase the likelihood.

  • Genetic Mutations (जेनेटिक उत्परिवर्तन): Mutations in genes like BRCA1 and BRCA2 are linked to a higher risk of ovarian cancer.

Diagnosis:

Diagnosing ovarian cancer early is challenging. It often requires a combination of tests, such as:

  1. Pelvic Examination (शारीरिक परीक्षण): A routine pelvic examination may reveal any unusual growths or abnormalities in the ovaries.

  2. Ultrasound (अल्ट्रासाउंड): A transvaginal ultrasound can help detect masses or tumors.

  3. Blood Tests (रक्त परीक्षण): The CA-125 blood test is commonly used to detect higher levels of a protein that may indicate ovarian cancer.

  4. CT Scan or MRI (सीटी स्कैन या एमआरआई): Advanced imaging techniques can help determine the stage and spread of the cancer.

Treatment Options:

Treatment for ovarian cancer typically involves surgery, chemotherapy, or a combination of both. The treatment plan depends on the stage of the cancer.

  1. Surgery (सर्जरी): The primary treatment for ovarian cancer is surgical removal of the tumor and affected ovaries. In some cases, a total hysterectomy (removal of the uterus) may also be necessary.

  2. Chemotherapy (कीमोथैरेपी): Chemotherapy is used to kill cancer cells and prevent them from spreading. It can be administered orally or intravenously.

  3. Targeted Therapy (लक्षित उपचार): Newer therapies aim at specifically targeting cancer cells without damaging normal cells.

  4. Radiation Therapy (विकिरण चिकित्सा): In some cases, radiation therapy may be used, but it is less common for ovarian cancer.

Prevention and Early Detection:

Early detection is key to improving survival rates in ovarian cancer. Here are some preventive measures and tips for early detection:

  • Regular Check-ups (नियमित जांच): Visit your gynecologist regularly for pelvic exams and screenings.

  • Know Your Family History (परिवार के इतिहास को जानें): If ovarian or breast cancer runs in your family, consider genetic testing to assess your risk.

  • Healthy Lifestyle (स्वस्थ जीवनशैली): Maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, and eating a balanced diet can lower the risk of ovarian cancer.

Conclusion:

Ovarian cancer is a serious condition, but with the right knowledge, early detection, and treatment, it is possible to manage and even overcome it. If you experience any symptoms or have concerns about your health, do not hesitate to consult a medical professional. Remember, the earlier it is detected, the better the chances for effective treatment and recovery.

If you have any questions or concerns, feel free to reach out to me. Early awareness and action can make a significant difference in the battle against ovarian cancer.

  • Dr. Prem Kishore Jangid
    Cancer Surgeon